BASICS OF ELECTRONIC VECHILE
What is an EV?
Electric vehicles (EVs) are cars that use electricity and an electric motor to run instead of traditional gasoline-powered engines. Think of them as cars with a battery instead of a gas tank, and an electric motor instead of a combustion engine. Nowadays electric vehicles are more preferred by the government of India as compared to normal vehicles These are power powered by one or two motors. These have energy stored in rechargeable batteries instead of combustion engine that both fossil fuel. So these are the cheapest for touring.
Types of electric cars.
Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs)—– This cars use hydrogen to the generate electricity
Example – Toyota and mirai are example.
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs)—- These are fully electric vehicles no gasoline engine.
Example – Tesla model 3 Nissan leaf.
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) —- These cars used Small battery and regenerative breaking but can not plug in.
Example- Toyota Camry hybrid
Plugin hybrid electric vehicle—- This combine battery with a gasoline engine
Example -Toyota price premium
2.Key component
- Power electronics
This cars manage energy flow.
- Battery pack
These stored electricity.
- Electric motor
Please convert electric energy to motor.
3 .Advantage of electric cars
- Zero Emissions
Electric car reduces air pollution in our surrounding by not providing smoke.
- Lower operating cost.
Electric cars are more cheaper than gasoline and these also need less maintenance.
- Quite and smooth driving
These electric cars provide smooth driving because it produces instant torque.
- Energy Efficiency
Electronic vehicles convert 80% of energy to power while ICE cars are only 20-30%.
4.Challenges and limitations
- Higher up front cost
This cars are based on batteries so batteries are expensive but prices are dropping day by day.
- Limited range
There are some range provided for this electric cars it means it only provide 200 to 400 miles per charge.
- Charging time and infrastructure
Please electronic cars fast charges are provided which take only 20 to 40 minutes while homes charging and take hours.
- Battery degradation
According to use of electric cars that time period of battery power decreases 2 to 3% per year.
5.Charging options
Super fast charging it means it provide DC charging which provide 80% in 20 to 14 minutes that is known as superchargers.
6.Environmental impact
- Battery recycling
Electric cars batteries are made up of lithium Cobalt and Nickel which are reused after and after.
- Cleaner than ICE cars
The electronic cars provide less harmful to our environment due to presence of lithium ion battries which gives no wastage of petrol and diesel.
7.Future trends
- Solid state battery
Future electronic car are provided with higher energy density battery and fast charging.
- More affordable models
Company like Mahindra BYD and Tesla are providing thwse cars in a very cheaper rate in coming generation.
- Autonomous electronic vechile
In the coming future all the electronic cars are made self driving tech integration which provide us very cost effective tour from one place to another place.
8.Popular electronic vehicles manufacturers
- Mahindra
- BYD
- Lucid motors
- Tata nexon
- Audi
- Mercedes
- BMW
- Volvo